
Depending on the operational frequency, the coaxial cable's diameter conduction allows for relatively high-power transmission capabilities. The cable has a maximum power of 93 watts at 3 GHz and 1,869 watts at 10 Hz. 1,200 volts is the cable's maximum operating voltage.
A decent compromise for power and voltage, like that produced by a transformer, is the 50-value. On the other hand, 75 is a preferable option for situations where minimal attenuation is the main objective, such as with low-level ignal from an antenna or an analog video link.
An excellent justification for the selection of fifty ohm is provided in Microwave Tube by A. Gilmour, Jr. The quick and easy compromise between power handling and low low, for air-dielectric coax, is that 50 ohm.
The RG-58's outside diameter is approximately 0.2 inches (5 millimeters). RG-58 has a 25 pF/ft (82 pF/m) capacitance, weighs about 0.025 lb/ft (37 g/m), and can withstand up to 300 V potential (1800 W).
A 50-foot wire might only yield 20% of the initial value. A 100-foot wire may result in a 33% reduction from the original.
The short answer to this is that 50 Ohm is the least undesirable compromise between the impedances corresponding to minimum load, maximum power, and maximum voltage.
RG58 coax can withstand voltages up to 1,900 volts.
RG-58 has a 50 Ohm impedance, while RG-59 has a 75 Ohm impedance. RG-58 is 20 AWG in size, but RG-59 is considerably larger at 22 AWG. Standard coax cable impedance is 75 Ohm, while 50 Ohm is better at bouncing the signal and conveying it more effectively.
O 50 ohm cable are designed to carry voltage and power, such as the output of a transformer. The graph above shows that the lowest attenuation, for signals like video or receive antenna signals, is 75 ohm.SYWV
A reasonable rule of thumb is that 75 Ohm Coax is suitable if the device being connected via coaxial cable is a receiver of any kind. This includes gadgets like High Definition Television, AM/FM Radio Receivers, Satellite and Cable TV Receivers, and Police Canner.